Most Common's in medical science: PG Lists©

1° Tumor arising from bone in adults

·  Multiple Myeloma

Adrenal Medullary Tumor – Adults

·  Pheochromocytoma

Adrenal Medullary Tumor – Children

·  Neuroblastoma

Bacterial Meningitis – adults

·  Neisseria meningitidis

Bacterial Meningitis – elderly

· Strep pneumoniae

Bacterial Meningitis – newborns

·  E. coli

Bacterial Meningitis – toddlers

·  Hib

Bone Tumors

·  Metasteses from Breast & Prostate

Brain Tumor – Child

·  Medulloblastoma  (cerebellum)

Brain Tumor –Adult

·  Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma, Schwannoma

Breast Carcinoma

·  Invasive Duct Carcinoma

Breast Mass

·  Fibrocystic Change  (Carcinoma is the most common is post-menopausal women)

Bug in Acute Endocarditis

·  Staph aureus

Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt

·  Klebsiella

Bug in Epiglottitis

·  Hib

Bug in GI Tract

·  Bacteroides   (2^nd – E. coli)

Bug in IV drug user bacteremia / pneumonia

·  Staph aureus

Bug in PID

·  N. Gonnorrhoeae

Bug in Subacute Endocarditis

·  Strep Viridans

Cardiac 1° Tumor – Adults

·  Myxoma  “Ball Valve”

Cardiac 1° Tumor – Child

·  Rhabdomyoma

Cardiac Tumor – Adults

·  Metasteses

Cardiomyopathy

·  Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy

Cause of 2° HTN

·  Renal Disease

Cause of Addison’s

·  Autoimmune (2^nd – infection)

Cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

·  21-Hydroxylase Deficiency  (then, 11-)

Cause of Cushings

·  Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, 1° ­ ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH)

Cause of death in Alzheimer pts

·  Pneumonia

Cause of death in Diabetics

·  MI

Cause of Death in SLE pts.

·  Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative)

Cause of Dementia

·  Alzheimer’s

Cause of Dementia   (2^nd most common)

·  Multi-Infarct Dementia

Cause of food poisoning

·  Staph aureus

Cause of mental retardation

·  Down’s

Cause of mental retardation (2^nd most common)

·  Fragile X

Cause of preventable blindness

·  Chlamydia

Cause of Pulmonary HTN

·  COPD

Cause of SIADH

·  Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

Chromosomal disorder

·  Down’s

Congenital cardiac anomaly

·  VSD (membranous > muscular)

Congenital early cyanosis

·  Tetralogy of Fallot

Coronary Artery thrombosis

·  LAD

Demyelinating Disease

·  Multiple Sclerosis

Dietary Deficiency

·  Iron

Disseminated opportunistic infection in AIDS

·  CMV  (Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall)

Esophageal cancer

·  SCCA

Fatal genetic defect in Caucasians

·  Cystic Fibrosis

Female Tumor

·  Leimyoma

Form of Amyloidosis

·  Immunologic (Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain)

Form of Tularemia

·  Ulceroglandular

Gynecologic malignancy

·  Endometrial Carcinoma

Heart Murmur

·  Mitral Valve Prolapse

Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis

·  Mitral

Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users

·  Tricuspid

Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever

·  Mitral  then Aortic

Hereditary Bleeding Disorder

·  Von Willebrand’s Disease

Liver 1° Tumor

·  Hepatoma

Liver Disease

·  Alcoholic Liver Disease

Location of Adult brain tumors

·  Above Tentorium

Location of Childhood brain tumors

·  Below Tentorium

Lysosomal Storage Disease

·  Gaucher’s

Motor Neuron Disease

·  ALS

Neoplasm – Child

·  Leukemia

Neoplasm – Child   (2^nd most common)

·  Medulloblastoma of brain (cerebellum)

Nephrotic Syndrome

·  Membranous Glomerulonephritis

Opportunistic infection in AIDS

·  PCP

Ovarian Malignancy

·  Serous Cystadenoma

Ovarian Tumor

·  Hamartoma

Pancreatic Tumor

·  Adeno (usually in the head)

Patient with ALL / CLL / AML / CML

·  ALL - Child / CLL - Adult over 60 / AML - Adult over 60 / CML - Adult 35-50

Patient with Goodpasture’s

·  Young male

Patient with Reiter’s

·  Male

Pituitary Tumor

·  Prolactinoma  (2^nd – Somatotropic “Acidophilic” Adenoma)

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

·  Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)

Pt. With Hodgkin’s

·  Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type – Female)

Pt. With Minimal Change Disease

·  Young Child

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

·  Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure

Sexually transmitted disease

·  Chlamydia

Site of Diverticula

·  Sigmoid Colon

Site of metastasis

·  Regional Lymph Nodes

Site of metastasis   (2^nd most common)

·  Liver

Sites of atherosclerosis

·  Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid

Skin Cancer

·  Basal Cell Carcinoma

Stomach cancer

·  Adeno

Testicular Tumor

·  Seminoma

Thyroid Cancer

·  Papillary Carcinoma

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

·  Lower esophagus joins trachea / upper esophagus – blind pouch

Tumor of Infancy

·  Hemangioma

Type of Hodkin’s

·  Mixed Cellularity (versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis)

Type of Non-Hodgkin’s

·  Follicular, small cleaved

Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries)

·  Temporal Arteritis

Viral Encephalitis

·  HSV