Cardiology

The followings are causes of prominent R wave in Lead V1 EXCEPT:
1. Posterior wall myocardial infarction.
2. RBBB.
3. Mirror image dextrocardia.
4. Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndron type A.
5. Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrom type B.
Which one of the following is associated with ST segment elevation in ECG?
1. LVH
2. RVH
3. Digoxin effect
4. early repolarization after an attack of angina
5. subendocardial infarction
The commonest type of Arrhythmia in WPW syndrome is:
1. Vnetricular Tachycardia
2. Ventricular Fibrillation
3. Ventricualr Premature Complexes
4. Atrial Ectopics
5. AV Nodal Re-entry Tachycardia
The followings are seen in Noonan's Syndrome Except:
1. mental retardation
2. pumonary artery stenosis
3. branch pulmonary artery stenosis
4. HOCM
5. Mitral stenosis
Causes of long QT Syndrome include all of the followings except :
1. Hypokalaemia
2. Hypocalcaemia
3. Hypomagnesaemia
4. Hypermagnesaemia
5. Rheumatic carditis
In Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy which one is true?
1. Caused by mutation in Na channels
2. 25% are associated with a positive family history
3. 30% are associated with left ventricular outflow obstruction
4. all patients are symptomatic
5. the commonest type of hypertrophy is the Apical type.
In acute pericarditis, which one is false?
1. the commonest cause is the idiopathic type (may be viral)
2. the majority progresses to tamponade
3. in uraemic pericarditis, there is a risk of tamponade formation
4. the rub is usually transient
5. TB pericarditis is rarely an acute one
The following indicates an absolute contraindication to thrombolytic therapy in Acute ST segment elevation MI...Choose one:
1. 70year old hypertensive male with acute chest pain and new diastolic murmur in the left lower sternum and ST elevation in lead II,III and aVF
2. 40 year old lady with 7 missed periods and abdominal distension
3. 34 old diabetic male recently underwent "LASER Retinal therapy " as he said ..came with shock ,raised JVP and clear lungs.
4. ST elevation in lead V1,V2,V3 with a blood pressure of 180/100 easily controlled with antihypertensive medications
5. 60 year old male who is a known case of ischemic heart disease presents with new LBBB and chest pain for 2 hours with ST elevation in V4, V5, and V6
Bad prognostic factors in UNSTABLE angina include all of the followings except:
1. development of heart failure
2. prolonged chest pain
3. ST elevation
4. high cardiac troponin T
5. intermittent chest pain
The followings are true except
1. the right coronary artery supplies the AV node in 90 % of cases
2. the right coronary artery supplies the SA nose in 60 % of cases
3. left main stem coronary artery is easily dilated by at PTCA in atheromatous narrowing and should be routinely done in such cases.
4. Prinzmatal angina usually occurs at night
5. Prinzmetal angina may occur with coronary atheroma
Amiodarone……all are ture except:
1. 40 % of it is iodine ..hence the risk of either hypo or hyperthyroidism
2. potentiates the effect of warfarine
3. potentiates the effect of digoxin
4. corneal deposits of the drug are usually irreversible.
5. prolonges the plataue phase of action potential .
Causes of raised JVP include all of the followings except:
1. mediastinal lumphoma
2. mediastinal irradiation 2 years previously .
3. ST elevation in lead rV4 and chest pain
4. Liver Cirrhosis
5. Atrialization of the right ventricle
In Coarctation of the aorta …which one of the followings is False?
1. in adults usually causes and presents as hypertension
2. BICUSPID AORTIC VALAVE is a common association
3. Rib notching is usually seen from the 3rd rib till 9th rib in infancy
4. Dissection is a recognized complication
5. Subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur.
The followings improve the survival figure in chronic congestive heart failure as shown by many studies...Except
1. bisprolol
2. metaprolol
3. carvidolol
4. spironolactone
5. atenolol
In infective endocarditis which one is false?
1. streptococcus viridans is the cause of up to 50% of naitive valve endocarditis
2. staph species may be the cause in 50% of prosthetic valve endocarditis
3. the commonest cause of culture negative endocarditis is partial treatment with antibiotics
4. 3 negative serial blood cultures usually exclude infective endocarditis in the appropriate clinical setting
5. the sensitivity of transesophageal Echocardiography here is 95% versus 65% in the transthoracic approach .
The followings cardiac lesions are associated with a high risk of infective endocarditis except:
1. Ventricular septal defect
2. HOCM
3. combined mitral valve disease
4. MVP with significant mitral regurgitation by Echo study
5. Mitral stenosis
The treatment of infective endocarditis …all are true except:
1. persistent fever may indicates a non bacterial cause like fugal cause .
2. cidal drugs rather than statics should be used .
3. always await the culture results before giving any treatment.
4. intravenous route is always preferred .
5. persistent fever may indicate a drug fever .
In mitral stenosis all are true except:
1. malar flush may be seen
2. low cardiac output state
3. rarely congenital
4. S3 sound is commonly seen
5. 20 % stays in sinus rhythm despite severe stenosis
Aortic stenosis ….all are true except:
1. Carotid shudder is common
2. syncpoe indicates an urgent need for intervention
3. it is sub-valvular in William's Syndrom
4. marked LVH per se is a risk factor for angina and arrhythmias
5. valve replacement is the usual mode of treatment
The objectives in the medical treatment of heart failure ..all are true ….except:
1. Reduction of the after load
2. optimization of the preload
3. augmentation of the cardiac contractility
4. controlloing the heart rate
5. aggressive diuresis to remove all edemas
In diastolic heart failure which one of followings is true :
1. aortic regurgitation usually causes diastolic dysfunction
2. till now there is no general consensus about the optimal medical management for it
3. myocardial ischemia starts with systolic dysfunction
4. tachycardia is needed to compensate for the defect and hence the heart rate should be kept above 90 beats/minutes
5. ACE inhibitors had been shown to improve the overall mortality figure
In secondary hypertension ..the clues to it are all of the followings except :
1. rapidly developing
2. poor response to standard medical therapy
3. age blow 20 and above 50 years
4. certain physical signs like mooning of the face and abdominal striae
5. strong family history of hypertension
Long standing hypertension ……choose the most true :
1. very weak effect on the coronary arteries
2. a strong risk factor for the development of intracerebral bleeding
3. in diabetic nephropathy the target blood pressure should be 140 / 85mmHg
4. ACE inhibitors should be routinely prescribed
5. Diuretics are usually not effective in elderly
Possible Risk factors for ischemic heart disease …one is incorrect:
1. hyperhomocystenemia
2. obesity
3. sedentary life style
4. high blood fibrinogen
5. diet rich in vegetables .
Complications of long standing hypertension include all of the followings except:
1. Diastolic heart failure
2. Coronary artery disease
3. Stroke
4. peripheral vascular disease
5. Systolic heart failure
Atrial myxoma.. which one is the false statement :
1. may present as an SBE like picture
2. may present as a vasculitis like picture
3. high recurrence following surgery in sporadic cases
4. high recurrence following surgery in familial cases
5. when arises from the right side of the heart we should think of familiar predisposition
When examining the JVP …which one is a wrong statement:
1. rapid x descent and steep y descent occurs in pericardial constriction
2. rapid x descent and blunted y descent occurs in pericardial tamopnade
3. lagre CV wave occurs in tricuspid regurgitation
4. hepatojugular reflux is important only if it sustains with continuous pressure on the abdomen
5. regular cannon A waves indicates complete heart block
Deep Permanent Q wave may be seen in...Choose one
1. early phase acute anterior wall MI
2. WPW syndrome
3. established subendocarial infarction
4. established acute phase isolated posterior MI
5. during Prinzmetal angina
In the medical treatment of acute MI..the followings are true except :
1. aspirin per se reduces the mortality by 30%
2. thrombolysis reduces the overall mortality by 25-50%
3. beta blockers like iv metoprolol greatly reduces the susceptibility to arrhythmias
4. iv nitroglycerin have no effect on the overall mortality figure
5. Morphin better to be given by a subcutaneous rout rather than iv because this confers a longer half life
Secondary prophylaxis of MI which one is a false statement :
1. ACE inhibitors have a favorable effect by many independent mechanisms
2. Bata blocker are important if no contraindication to it
3. Statins had been shown to produce regression of the atherosclerotic plaques
4. cardiac rehabilitation programs should not be forgotten
5. Digoxin had been shown to have a favorable effect
Contraindication to exercise ECG testing in the contest of a heart diseases all are true except :
1. uncontrolled hypertension
2. fever or a febrile illness
3. severe aortic stenosis
4. acute pericarditis
5. subjective feeling weakness
The followings indicate strong positive exercise ECG testing ..except
1. deep ST depression
2. wide spread ECG changes upon exercise
3. prolonged ST depression after finishing the test
4. ST elevation per se
5. Mild -moderate ST T segment abnormalities in middle aged woman with chest pain with no risk factors for ischemic heart disease
False positive exercise ECG testing are common In clinical practice…causes include all of the followings except
1. prior treatment with digoxin
2. treatment with beta blockers
3. marked LVH per se
4. early development of wide spread ECG changes in stage I Bruce protocol
5. MVP
During cardiac arrest of your patient in the CCU ..you jumped to use DC shock cardioversion but the nurse shouted that the monitor is showing a heart rate of 90 beats per minutes …..all can this complication except
1. pulmonary thromboembolism
2. tension pneumothorax
3. profound shock due to bleeding
4. hypokalemia
5. treatment with xylocain
Use of ACE inhibitors in the medical treatment of Post- MI patients ...all are true except
1. had been shown to decrease ventricular remodeling and hence aneurismal formation
2. prevent the onset of overt heart failure in asymptomatic patient
3. reduce the hospitalization rate
4. should be given to all patient if tolerated and no contraindication
5. contraindicated in post MI patient with a chronic renal failure
Treatment of hypertension with diuretics all are true except:
1. loop diuretics are preferred because of its powerful effect .
2. Diuretics in the treatment of hypertension uncommonly produces acid base and electrolyte disturbances compared when used in the treatment of heart failure states
3. As an anti- hypertensive medication …..they work by an independent mechanism of their DIURETIC action .
4. first line agents in an elderly with systolic hypertension
5. may worsen the lipid profile

Cardiology

Mock MCQ